Tsayar Kotun: An yi wa kasuwar hasashe hukuncin caca ba bisa ka'ida ba a Amurka

A duniyar caca ta kan layi, ana ci gaba da ƙoƙarin kaucewa tsauraran ƙa'idoji ta hanyar ƙirƙirar samfura masu kirkira. Wani kyakkyawan misali shine abin da ake kira kasuwannin hasashen ko musayar fare kan wasanni, waɗanda ke ikirarin ba su kasance masu ba da kudi ba amma kawai kasuwanni ne don kwangilolin abubuwan da suka faru. Kotun ɗaukaka ƙara ta Yanki na Tara a San Francisco yanzu ta yi watsi da wannan tunani sosai. A cikin wani hukunci na tarihi, alkalai sun tabbatar da cewa jihar Nevada na da haƙƙin sarrafa irin waɗannan dandamali a matsayin masu ba da caca. Hukuncin ya shafi sanannun kamfanoni kamar KalshiEX, North American Derivatives Exchange, da Robinhood Derivatives, waɗanda suka yi jayayya tare a kan sa ido na jiha.

Masu bayarwa sun yi ƙoƙarin sanya kwangilolin su na fare kan wasanni a matsayin musanyawa ko derivatives a ƙarƙashin keɓantaccen sa ido na hukumar tarayya Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). Ta yin hakan, sun yi niyyar guje wa buƙatun da ba su dace ba da kuma masu tsada na hukumomin caca na jiha. Duk da haka, alkalai ba su yarda ba. A yayin sauraron jama'a a watan Afrilu, wani alkali ya riga ya bayyana hujjar kamfanonin a matsayin maganganu marasa ma'ana. Hukuncin mai shafi 50 da aka wallafa yanzu ya ƙarfafa wannan shakku kuma ya bayyana cewa canza suna bai isa ya ɓoye ainihin aikin ba: yin fare kan sakamakon wasannin wasanni.

Kididdiga da gaskiya

Hukuncin kwamitin alkalai uku ya kasance gaba ɗaya. U.S. Circuit Judge Ryan Nelson, wanda Donald Trump ya nada, shi ne ya rubuta bayanin. Wasu hukunce-hukunce biyu masu taƙaitawa a wannan Juma'a ma sun goyi bayan Nevada. KalshiEX a baya ya sami umarnin hana yin aiki wanda ya hana jihar sarrafa kwangilolin abubuwan wasanni da zaɓe. An soke wannan umarnin yanzu. Wani batu mai ban mamaki shine talla ta KalshiEX wanda kamfanin ya kira kansa a matsayin app na farko don yin fare kan wasanni na doka a dukkan jihohin Amurka 50. Alkali Nelson ya yi amfani da wannan bayanin kai tsaye a kan kamfanin don tabbatar da yanayin samfurin a matsayin caca.

"Mun kammala cewa Kalshi bai nuna yiwuwar cewa [Commodity Exchange Act] ya hana dokokin caca na jiha kamar yadda ake amfani da su ga kwangilolin abubuwan wasannin sa kuma cewa kotun farko ba ta yi watsi da hurumin ta ba wajen soke umarnin." - Ryan Nelson, U.S. Circuit Judge na Yanki na Tara

Tarihi

Rigimar ta ta'allaka ne kan banbancin da ke tsakanin kayan aikin kuɗi da caca. KalshiEX da abokan hulɗarsa sun yi jayayya cewa kwangilolin su ya kamata a yi la'akari da su a matsayin musanyawa a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kasuwancin Kayayyakin (CEA). Nelson ya yi watsi da hakan sosai, yana mai cewa kawai gaskiyar cewa ana cinikin kwangilolin a kasuwa da aka ƙayyade ba ta cire su daga ikon jiha ba. Ya kwatanta siyan kwangila a kan app da yin fare a gidan caca na Las Vegas: a kowane hali, mai amfani yana biyan adadi kuma yana samun ƙarin kuɗi idan ƙungiyar su ta yi nasara. Ko ana kiransa musanyawa ko fare ba ya canza yanayin cinikin.

Robinhood ta riga ta ayyana niyyarta na daukaka kara kan hukuncin. Wakilin kamfanin ya jaddada cewa duk abokan ciniki masu cancanta ya kamata su sami damar shiga waɗannan kasuwanni, waɗanda Hukumar Kula da Kasuwannin Kayayyaki ta Amurka (CFTC) ke sarrafa su a matakin tarayya. Ga masana'antu, wannan wani mummunan rauni ne, saboda masu samarwa sun yi fatan cewa amincewar CFTC za ta ba su damar shiga kasuwa a duk faɗin ƙasar ba tare da magance dokokin kowace jiha ta Amurka ba.

Me yasa yake da mahimmanci ga 'yan wasan Jamus

Ga 'yan wasa a Jamus, wannan hukuncin tabbaci ne na layin bayyananne da aka ɗauka a nan kuma. Yarjejeniyar Jiha kan Caca ta 2021 (GlüStV 2021) ba ta bar wani wuri don samfuran ruwan kasa da aka nade a matsayin fare na kuɗi. Duk wanda ke son bayar da fare na wasanni ko wasannin gidan caca a Jamus yana buƙatar lasisi daga Hukumar Caca ta Haɗin Kan Jihohi (GGL). Wannan jerin sunayen masu kyau shine kadai hatimi don wasan halal da aminci. 'Yan wasan Jamus suna amfana a wuraren da aka ba da lasisi daga matakan kariya masu tsauri, kamar iyakar kuɗin ajiya na watanni 1,000 Yuro tsakanin masu samarwa da tsarin toshewa na tsakiya LUGAS.

Dandanan da ke ƙoƙarin ƙaddamarwa ta hanyar ƙa'idodin kasuwar kuɗi suna fuskantar lokaci mai wuya a Jamus. Hukuncin Amurka ya nuna cewa kotuna a duniya suna ƙara nazarin abun ciki na tayin maimakon kawai harsashi na doka. Saboda haka, masu amfani da Jamus ya kamata koyaushe su tabbatar da cewa mai samarwa yana da lasisi na GGL don tabbatar da cewa an biya kuɗin cin nasara kuma an kiyaye kariyar mai kunnawa, kamar iyakar 1 Yuro kowace juyawa don ramummuka.

Abin da yake nufi ga gidajen caca masu lasisin GGL

Ga masu samarwa masu gaskiya tare da lasisin GGL, wannan labari yana da kyau. Yana kare kasuwar halal daga masu fafatawa da ke neman fa'ida mara adalci ta hanyar ramukan doka. Yayin da gidajen caca masu lasisi ke biyan haraji mai girma kuma suna cika buƙatun fasaha masu tsauri, kasuwar hasashen sau da yawa yakan ƙoƙarin guje wa waɗannan farashin. Hukuncin Runduna ta Tara na ƙarfafa matsayin hukumomin sarrafa jihohi a duniya don tsara iyakoki masu tsabta. A Jamus, wannan yana ci gaba da nufin tsaro na tsare-tsare ga masu aiki waɗanda ke bin ka'idodin GlüStV 2021 kuma sun haɗa tsarin su zuwa LUGAS da OASIS.